Glutathione S-Transferases

Importance of Glutathione S-Transferases (GSTs): Mammalian GSTs have many prominent roles including:

  • Detoxification of xenobiotics
  • Steroid metabolism
  • Prostaglandin biosynthesis
  • Cancer chemoprevention
  • Modulating oxidative stress by eliminating 4-hydroxynonenal

For these reasons GSTs are of significant interest to to a wide range of life scientists including pharmacologists, toxicologists, cell biologists. GSTs also play important roles in cellular signalling. As a group, GSTs metabolize a very wide range cancer chemotherapeutic agents, insecticides, herbicides and carcinogens.

GST families, classes and isoforms: There are three major families of GST proteins, which share some similarities in their three-dimensional topology but are only distantly related:

  • Cytosolic GSTs, comprised of several classes including A, M, P, O, T, Z
  • Some of these classes are now known to include multiple isoforms with distinct tissue localizations and substrate specificities.
    • Mitochondrial GSTs
    • Microsomal GSTs
    • Some members of this family play key roles in metabolism of endogenous substances, e.g. mPGE isomerase

We offer the largest commercial listing of GST proteins, antibodies and immunoassays:

  • Over 20 purified GST enzymes.
  • Our recombinant enzymes have high purity and activity
  • Our purified GST proteins are useful for:
  • inhibition studies
  • metabolite generation
  • drug metabolism studies

Our rapidly expanding offerings of antibodies to GST isoforms is:

  • The most highly characterized available – especially for specificty within and among classes
  • Suitable for Western blotting, IHC and ELISA

Our immunoassays for GST isoforms:

  • Provide for facile quantification of GSTs in biological samples
  • Useful for studies of tissue-specific toxicity
  • Include recombinant standards

GST Products:

Key reviews on GSTs:

  1. Eaton DL, Bammler TK. “Concise review of the glutathione S-transferases and their significance to toxicology.” Toxicol Sci. 49:156-64 (1999). 
  2. Hayes JD, Flanagan JU, Jowsey IR. “Glutathione transferases.” Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 45:51-88 (2005).
  3. Petra Jancovaa, Pavel Anzenbacherb, Eva Anzenbacherovaa “PHASE II DRUG METABOLIZING ENZYMES” Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 154:103–116. (2010).
  4. Kenneth D. Tew and Danyelle M. Townsend “Glutathione-S-Transferases As Determinants of Cell Survival and Death.” ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING 17: 12, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc (2012).
  5. Philip J. Sherratt and John D. Hayes “Glutathione S-transferases Enzyme Systems that Metabolise Drugs and Other Xenobiotics.” Edited by Costas Ioannides John Wiley & Sons Ltd. (2001)